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August 2025

By: STN
The South Carolina Department of Education’s Engineering Associate Team leads this year’s Garage Stars. From left: James Miller, Randy Linz, Patrick Nesmith, Wayne Southard, William “Bo” McDaniel, and Justin Roach. Photo courtesy of Mike Bullman Cover design by Kimber Horne
The South Carolina Department of Education’s Engineering Associate Team leads this year’s Garage Stars. From left: James Miller, Randy Linz, Patrick Nesmith, Wayne Southard, William “Bo” McDaniel, and Justin Roach.
Photo courtesy of Mike Bullman
Cover design by Kimber Horne

It’s the tenth year of recognizing the nation’s most outstanding Garage Stars. This year’s winners are on the front line of school bus safety while demonstrating the importance of knowledge and teamwork crucial for successful student transportation operations. Read more about the ten winners, which include three individuals, and for the first time, seven teams.

Learn more about building and maintaining a high-value school bus fleet and how to update operations to maintain excellence. Also find articles on parts purchasing, the National School Bus Inspection Training as well as other top moments from the STN EXPO West conference last month. 

Read the full August 2025 issue.

Cover Story

10 Years: Garage Stars
The 10th annual Garage Star’s award features 10 finalists—three teams and seven individuals—that highlight the importance of knowledge and teamwork in training the next generation of industry professionals.

Features

Residuals
When selling old school buses, record-keeping and maintenance schedules are key to getting the most bang for your buck.

Moving On Up
Updating transportation maintenance facilities rather than tearing down and starting over has its advantages.

Special Reports

Parts Standardization Provides Cost-Saving, Efficiencies
Streamlining and consolidating parts purchasing can lead to time and cost savings, garage professionals share this month.

STN EXPO West in Photos
Browse some of the action at last month’s conference and trade show in Reno, Nevada.

Feedback
Online
Ad Index

Editor’s Take by Ryan Gray
A Jolt to School Bus Maintenance

Publisher’s Corner by Tony Corpin
Moments Matter

The post August 2025 appeared first on School Transportation News.

Another $200M Now Available for Electric School Buses in New York

The third round of funding through the $4.2 billion Clean Water, Clean Air and Green Jobs Environmental Bond Act of 2022 is now available for zero-emission school buses in the state of New York.

Gov. Kathy Hochul announced July 22 an additional $200 million distributed through the New York School Bus Incentive Program (NYSBIP). The second installment of $200 million was made available a year ago, while the first round of $100 million was announced in October 2022.

The funding covers everything from the purchase of the electric school buses to the charging infrastructure and fleet electrification planning.

“New York State is leaning into our Environmental Bond Act commitment to provide public schools with the funding and resources to make electric school buses more affordable,” Hochul said in a statement. “We are leaving no school behind as we reduce pollution from vehicles so every student can benefit from clean air while building healthier, more sustainable communities for New Yorkers across the state.”

The program is administered by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA), while NYSBIP provides incentives to eligible school bus fleet operators, including school districts and private contractors, that purchase zero-emission buses.

The funding is available on a first-come, first-served basis with funding amounts covering up to 100 percent of the incremental cost of a new or repowered electric school bus. Priority districts identified as high-need school districts and disadvantaged communities are available to receive larger funding amounts.

The deadline to purchase zero-emission school buses in the state nears amid the latest funding round. All new school buses purchased statewide as of Jan. 1, 2027, must be zero emissions and all school district and contractor fleets must be 100 percent zero emissions by 2035. The recently passed state budget extended a deferment until 2029 for school districts that demonstrate their challenges with meeting the mandate.

The NYSBIP defines zero emissions as electric or hydrogen fuel cell school buses, though only the latter are currently available.


Related: New York State of Charge
Related: State Budget Calls for Real-world Range Testing for Electric School Bus Sales
Related: School Buses Among New York City Fleet to Go Electric

The post Another $200M Now Available for Electric School Buses in New York appeared first on School Transportation News.

No Pedals No Mercy As California City Cracks Down On E-Bikes

  • Santa Monica police impounded 12 illegal dirt e-bikes being ridden on public roads.
  • The vehicles exceeded 40 mph, lacked pedals and didn’t meet California’s e-bike laws.
  • Police increase enforcement responding to safety concerns and community complaints.

Police in Santa Monica are trying to send a clear message to electric dirt bike riders: if it’s not street legal, keep it off public roads. On Saturday, July 26, the Santa Monica Police Department (SMPD) impounded 12 off-highway vehicles, all of which officers say were being ridden illegally on city streets. 

While many of these bikes resemble electric bicycles, officials say they fail to meet even the most basic standards under California law. For example, they all lack pedals, are capable of high speeds, and were never certified for on-road use. SMPD says the crackdown comes after growing community concerns and complaints as, apparently, these riders have been causing disruptions. 

Read: City Cracks Down On E-Bikes With Strict New Rules

“These vehicles often exceed 40 mph, lack operable pedals, and are not classified as legal electric bicycles,” the department said in a public statement. “They are not permitted on public roads, bike paths, or sidewalks.” Essentially, these bikes are high-powered electric dirt bikes rather than everyday e-bikes. 

What Makes an E-Bike Street Legal?

California classifies e-bikes into three categories, with legal use tied to features like speed limits and whether the bike has functional pedals. Most of the impounded vehicles in question fell into a legal gray area. They were either originally sold as high-powered off-road bikes or everyday ebikes modified to go much faster than originally intended. 

 No Pedals No Mercy As California City Cracks Down On E-Bikes

Either way, these bikes are considered off-highway vehicles and can’t be legally ridden in places intended for bicycles or cars. “We’re increasing enforcement in response to serious safety concerns and community complaints,” the department said. “If your vehicle doesn’t have pedals or meet California’s e-bike standards, it doesn’t belong on the road.” 

Fines in Effect, Enforcement Underway

It’s unclear what the riders in this case will have to face to get their bikes back, but the fine for riding them starts at $100. Second-time offenders pay $200 and each offense after the first two costs $500. These fines went into effect on July 9, so this is one of the very first times that police have had the legal right to crack down on it. 

 No Pedals No Mercy As California City Cracks Down On E-Bikes

Credit: SMPD

Maserati’s Salvation Could Come From Alfa Romeo

  • Maserati is struggling, but they could get a boost from closer ties to Alfa Romeo.
  • The two companies could share platforms, engines, software, and electronics in the future.
  • The upcoming Giulia and Stelvio could serve as the basis for the next Quattroporte and Levante.

Maserati’s lineup is a bit of a mess as the brand discontinued key models such as the Ghibli, Levante, and Quattroporte. This has left them with the overpriced Grecale and an assortment of sports cars.

That wasn’t supposed to be the case as Maserati was working on a new Quattroporte. However, development was reportedly halted in 2023. The model was then postponed, before Stellantis scrapped a huge investment in the firm, putting its future in further doubt.

More: Stellantis Pulls The Plug On Maserati’s Future After Cancelling $1.6B Investment

Hope might not be lost as a new report suggests Maserati could raid the Alfa Romeo parts bin and cobble something together. In particular, the redesigned Giulia and Stelvio could serve as the basis for the next-generation Quattroporte and Levante.

Speaking with Autocar, Alfa Romeo and Maserati CEO Santo Ficili said they’re pushing for “synergies” between the two brands and this could make their vehicles more closely related. This suggests the upcoming Quattroporte and Levante could be based on the STLA Large platform, which also underpins an assortment of other models including the Dodge Charger and Jeep Wagoneer S.

 Maserati’s Salvation Could Come From Alfa Romeo

While the next Quattroporte was originally slated to be electric-only, Maserati now appears to believe that would be a mistake. As Ficili explained, “We need to talk with our customers, because they are a bit confused at this time” with so many options including hybrids, plug-in hybrids, and battery electric vehicles.

He went on to say going electric-only is a “question of timing,” but they’re not ready yet. As a result, he said “we need to consider MHEV and PHEV engines, depending on the development of the technology we want to follow.”

This could make the Giulia and Stelvio a prime base for future models as they’re slated to be offered with gas, plug-in hybrid, and electric options. The benefits wouldn’t end there as relying on Alfa Romeo and the STLA Large platform would speed development, while also cutting costs.

 Maserati’s Salvation Could Come From Alfa Romeo

However, there are risks to this strategy as Alfa Romeo and Maserati models could become too similar. Alfa is no stranger to this as the Tonale is virtually identical to the Dodge Hornet.

That being said, Ficili acknowledged the need to keep Alfa Romeo and Maserati “separated.” However, he believes they can share a lot including “platforms, electronic architectures, software and probably powertrains.”

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This Electric Six-Seater Is Bigger Than A Model X, As Efficient As A Model 3

  • The Li Auto i8 combines elements from the L9 SUV and the Mega minivan.
  • Base models have a 90.1 kWh battery while the flagship has a 97.8 kWh pack.
  • Despite the vehicle’s size, it has a lower drag coefficient than a Tesla Model Y.

No, this isn’t some kind of odd concept car aimed at previewing the future of mobility. Instead, it is the new i8 from Chinese automaker Li Auto, and it’s an all-electric SUV available from 321,800 yuan, or just under $45,000. We’re not sure how BMW will feel about the i8 badge being used on a vehicle like this, but Li Auto’s creation will no doubt leave legacy automakers scrambling to play catch-up.

Visually, the Li Auto i8 looks part-SUV and part-minivan. This is because it combines design elements and shapes from the existing L9 SUV, as well as the Mega, Li Auto’s flagship minivan. Like the Mega, the front of the i8 is highly unusual, featuring a full-width LED light bar running just under the windshield, rather than near the front bumper like most other new EVs hitting the Chinese market.

Read: Man Cruelly Turned His Hood Into An Aquarium And Left The Fish To Die In It

The flowing and smooth shape of the roof is also rather intriguing, while the rear is slightly more conventional. It comes complete with a light bar, a large tailgate, and, well, not much else of interest. According to Li Auto’s boss, the i8’s design was inspired by yachts, but we can’t really see the resemblance.

Entry-level versions have a 90.1 kWh NMC battery driving a pair of electric motors with 536 hp and 487 lb-ft (660 Nm) of torque. Li Auto says this version can travel up to 416 miles (670 km) on a charge, but that’s under the very generous CLTC cycle.

A larger 97.8 kWh NMC battery is available, boosting the range to 447 lb-ft (720 km). This version also offers extraordinarily high-speed charging that allows 310 miles (500 km) of range to be added in just 10 minutes. Aiding in the impressive range is a drag coefficient of just 0.218 Cd, lower than even the Tesla Model Y’s 0.220.

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Li Auto says the i8 needs just 4.5 seconds to hit 100 km/h (60 mph). It also apparently consumes just 14.6 – 14.8 kWh/100 km, which is roughly in line with the much smaller Tesla Model 3.

As For The Cabin…

Like so many new Chinese cars, the interior is an absolute tech-fest. The i8 will be sold exclusively as a six-seater with a 2+2+2 layout. There’s no instrument cluster and instead, just a small screen sitting atop the center of the steering wheel and two huge 15.7-inch displays dominate the dashboard. Other nifty features include cooled wireless charging pads and the Li Auto Magic Carpet air suspension system, offering four adjustable ride heights.

The brand’s Li AD Pro assisted driving system comes as standard, while higher-end models get the Li AD Max system. Both systems include a LiDAR.

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Subaru’s Next Sports Car Might Not Burn Fuel

  • Subaru is considering a fully electric BRZ to meet Europe’s strict emissions regulations.
  • The 2023 Sport Mobility Concept previewed a high-riding, AWD electric sports coupe.
  • EV sales of crossovers like the Uncharted are key before launching performance models.

Subaru may be putting more energy into electric crossovers lately, but fans of its performance cars could have something to look forward to as well. Alongside the new Uncharted, the updated Solterra, and the Trailseeker duo, Subaru is reportedly considering an all-electric version of the BRZ. If it moves ahead, the project might even bring the nameplate back to Europe after years of absence.

More: Subaru Finally Admits It’s Boring And Wants STI Back But Not How You Remember It

The original BRZ was introduced in late 2011, with the second-generation model following in 2020. Both featured non-electrified boxer engines, with Europe’s strict emission regulations eventually leading to the model’s discontinuation from the region. In fact, the current BRZ has only reached certain European markets in limited numbers, leaving Subaru without a sports car in its local lineup.

Electric BRZ Is on the Table

That could change in the future, as Subaru is actively considering a zero-emission BRZ that could satisfy enthusiasts. David Dello Stritto, General Manager of Subaru Europe told Autocar that the model could return with a fully electric powertrain.

“Our options are open,” he said, though he also made it clear that Subaru’s short-term priority lies in electric crossovers like the Uncharted. Only after that might it turn its attention to sportier projects.

Earlier this year, Stritto suggested that electrification might be the path forward for the Subaru STI division due to emission regulations: “With an EV, you’ve got the power and performance, and you’ve got an all-wheel-drive system. We’re working on more sporty models, and electrification allows us to do this.”

Inoue Masahiko, global EV manager at Subaru, admitted that an electric BRZ was under consideration as part of their partnership with Toyota: “We did consider electrifying the BRZ and GT86, but the win-win relationship is more important, and for the moment we can’t get the kind of benefits for both sides.”

A Concept Points the Way

 Subaru’s Next Sports Car Might Not Burn Fuel
2023 Subaru Sport Mobility Concept
 Subaru’s Next Sports Car Might Not Burn Fuel

The best indication yet for an electric Subaru sports car was the Sport Mobility Concept from 2023 with a two-door coupe bodystyle, futuristic styling, and a high-riding stance. The concept had a similar footprint with the BRZ but featured an electric powertrain that moved all four wheels.

More: Is This Subaru’s Next WRX Or Something Even More Extreme?

Subaru didn’t reveal the specifications of the Sport Mobility Concept. However, the dual electric motor setups of its current EVs generate as much as 377 hp (280 kW / 380 PS), which sounds more than enough for a sexy coupe.

What About A Hybrid?

Don’t count on it. Masahiko ruled out the possibility of fitting the current BRZ with a hybrid system, citing packaging constraints. Starting from scratch with a dedicated electric sports car, he said, would be simpler and more effective.

As for bringing small batches of BRZ units to Europe, Subaru has done it before with limited editions like the Final Edition (300 units for Germany) and the Touge Edition (60 units for Italy). But Masahiko made clear that importing more combustion-powered BRZs doesn’t make long-term sense under Europe’s regulatory landscape.

It remains to be seen whether the next sporty Subaru will still be twinned with a Toyota. Earlier reports from Japan suggested that a GR86 successor is being developed entirely in-house by Toyota, retaining a combustion engine at the front and a rear-wheel-drive layout.

 Subaru’s Next Sports Car Might Not Burn Fuel
2026 Subaru Uncharted
 Subaru’s Next Sports Car Might Not Burn Fuel

Ford Bracing For A $2 Billion Blow From Trump’s Tariff Legacy

  • Tariffs have already cost Ford $800M and could hit $2B by year’s end.
  • It posted record $50.2B Q2 revenue but still recorded a $36M net loss.
  • US market share rose to 14.2% as demand surged for larger SUVs.

Ford has become the latest automaker to report a hefty blow from tariffs enacted by the Trump administration. In their second quarter earnings report, the company revealed the increased fees cost them around $800 million.

More: Trump’s Tariffs Are Crushing VW’s Bottom Line

That’s substantially less than GM’s $1.1 billion hit, but the damage is far from over. If everything pans out as expected, tariffs could cost Ford about $2 billion this year alone. That would be enough to pay 20,000 employees $100,000 each or, possibly, address their embarrassing recallathon.

Strong Revenue, But Special Charges Drag Earnings

Beyond the tariff toll, Ford posted record second-quarter revenues of $50.2 billion. Despite this, the company “incurred a net loss of $36 million as a result of special items.” The company chalked the latter up to a “field service action and expenses related to a previously announced cancellation of an electric vehicle program,” which presumably refers to their axed three-row SUVs.

 Ford Bracing For A $2 Billion Blow From Trump’s Tariff Legacy

Ford has also adjusted its full-year outlook. The company now expects an adjusted EBIT of $6.5 to $7.5 billion, a drop from its earlier projection of $7.0 to $8.5 billion. This change reflects ongoing challenges, including those tied to supply chains, shifting demand, and the broader effects of trade policy.

Despite some mixed news, Ford CFO Sherry House said they’re transforming the Blue Oval into a “higher-growth, higher-margin and more durable business – and allocating capital where we can compete, win and grow.”

 Ford Bracing For A $2 Billion Blow From Trump’s Tariff Legacy

Trucks, Broncos, and a Boost in Market Share

Financial numbers aside, Ford said their truck portfolio delivered its best performance in 20 years and they also set a new record for Bronco sales. The automaker went on to cite high demand for the redesigned Expedition and Navigator, while the Ranger plug-in hybrid has been “well received across Europe.” Back in America, market share has climbed 1.7 points to 14.2%.

Ford noted electrified vehicles now account for nearly 14% of U.S. sales and they’ll be hosting an event on August 11. The company isn’t saying much at this point, but revealed they’ll “share more about our plans to design and build breakthrough electric vehicles in America.”

Harley’s $6K Motorcycle Could Be The Cheapest Way Into The Club

  • Harley-Davidson is building a $6k budget motorcycle to access a younger audience.
  • The 2026 bike will be around $4k cheaper than the most affordable current Hog.
  • CEO also confirmed EV sub-brand LiveWire has greenlighted its mini-moto concepts.

Motorcycle brands are struggling with a 15 percent fall in global demand, and Harley is faring worse than most. CEO Jochen Zeitz just revealed an 18 percent drop in registrations for 2025, along with news of a bargain-priced Hoglet that might just turn that slide around.

Related: Harley Rider Hits Deer At Speed And Somehow Never Falls Off

It’s no secret that Harley has been working on more affordable models for a while – the cheapest of its current bikes in the US costs around $10,000, making it irrelevant to many younger buyers. The brand will reveal the first of its budget machines later this year, ahead of sales starting in 2026, Zeit confirmed on a recent earnings call, adding that it was targeting a price “below $6,000.”

A Familiar Name, Revived

Called the Sprint – a name used on budget Harleys designed to combat Honda’s offensive in the 1960s – the new bike is due to be presented to dealers in October, and will be joined next year by a companion cruiser-style model presumably built around the same basic components.

No technical details were revealed, but in keeping with its price and aim of attracting new riders, it will have a much smaller capacity than the brand’s current 975-cc and up machines.

“Inspired by our heritage and the spirit of the iconic Harley Davidson Sprint motorcycle, this new bike embodies boldness, irreverence and fun, capturing the rebellious energy that defines the Harley-Davidson experience,” Zeitz said.

 Harley’s $6K Motorcycle Could Be The Cheapest Way Into The Club
A Sportster S – not the new $6k bike

“We believe this motorcycle will not only be highly accessible, but also profitable, marking a significant step forward in driving Harley-Davidson’s future profitable growth and opening up a new path in motorcycle segment for the company in future years for its key markets.”

Harley hasn’t revealed where the bike will be manufactured or by whom. It has already found huge success marketing a circa-$3,000, single-cylinder bike, the X440, in India, but this is engineered and built by local company Hero Motorcorp and is not available in Europe or the US.

LiveWire Looks to Go Smaller

Zeit also confirmed that Harley’s struggling LiveWire electric sub-brand will also target younger, cost-conscious buyers by putting into production a pair of mini motos it showed in concept form earlier this year. The bikes, one intended for trails, the other for road use, can reach 30 mph (50 km) in 3 seconds, top out at 53 mph (85 km/h), and have a 100-mile (160 km) range.

The move comes at a critical time for LiveWire, which sold just 88 electric bikes in the first half of 2025, a steep 68 percent decline. The brand posted a $38.4 million loss over the same period, underscoring the urgency of finding a more viable product-market fit.

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LiveWire

The Thinking Family Man’s Golf Is Going Electric

  • Skoda is teasing the Vision O wagon concept heading for September’s Munich IAA show.
  • The Vision O previews the next-generation electric Octavia, which is due on sale by 2029.
  • It’s twinned with the next VW ID.Golf, but a longer wheelbase brings more space inside.

It’s a great time to be a Skoda salesman. The Czech company’s registrations were up 13.6 percent in the first six months of 2025 due in no small part to the success of its electric SUVs, the Elroq and Enyaq. They’ll be joined this year by the smaller Epiq, but today Skoda reminded us that its big-selling sedans and wagons are also getting the EV treatment.

VW’s non-nonsense Czech brand is teasing the Vision O concept it will reveal in full at the Munich IAA in September. The ‘O’ tells us it previews the next-generation Octavia compact, which is due on sale before the end of the decade and features an EV drivetrain for the first time.

Related: Your Insane Appetite For SUVs Is Killing Skoda’s Dreams Of Fun Sports Cars, But There’s Hope

A single silhouetted image shows the unmistakable profile of a wagon, and one that looks sportier than anything Skoda has produced up until now. The windshield is swept back into a low roofline that drops slightly at the rear, where it’s met by a rear hatch angled to earn style and aero efficiency points, rather than luggage-carrying ones.

There’s a definite Audi feel to the design, which calls to mind the A6 e-tron Avant from sister company Audi, though the front and rear LED signature makes clear this is Skoda’s work. Skoda says the concept will show how the brand is developing its Modern Solid design language for the next generation of its cars.

 The Thinking Family Man’s Golf Is Going Electric
Skoda

Under the skin, the next Octavia isn’t twinned with the bigger A6 e-tron, which uses VW’s PPE platform, but the smaller VW ID.Golf that’s due to hit showrooms by 2029, around the same time as the Skoda. The Golf and Octavia EVs will ride on the Group’s SSP platform, and each gets 800-volt charging tech, but a longer wheelbase and overall length mean the Skoda will offer more interior and luggage space, and should cost slightly less. Owners have long argued that the Octavia is the best Golf.

Single and dual-motor powertrains will be on the menu when the production car hits the street in three to four years, but don’t expect it to render the current combustion Octavia obsolete immediately. The popularity of hybrid powertrains in Europe means the two models will likely overlap for some time.

The gallery below contains renderings Skoda released in 2023 when it first revealed plans for an electric Octavia.

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Skoda

Maserati Made An EV Supercar No One Asked For Then Waited For Someone To Ask

  • Development of the Maserati MC20 Folgore has been paused rather than cancelled.
  • The long-promised electric supercar might reach production as the MCPura Folgore.
  • Funding for the project will only restart if there is enough demand from customers.

Not long ago, it looked like Maserati had quietly stepped away from the idea of an electric supercar. Reports suggested that the MC20 Folgore, originally expected to arrive this year, had been shelved. However, it turns out the project hasn’t been abandoned completely. Development has only been paused, not canceled, which means there’s still a chance the Folgore could see the light of day down the road.

More: Maserati’s Future Hinges On Alfa Romeo’s Lifeline

The MC20 Folgore was originally announced in 2020 during the debut of the V6-powered supercar. Things are not quite the same in 2025, though, with the market’s appetite for electric high-end performance models having cooled down. The situation wasn’t helped by Stellantis writing off €1.5 billion worth of investment in Maserati, leading to several pre-launch project cancellations, likely including the electric supercar.

Supercar on Standby

When asked recently about the project, Maserati CEO Santo Ficili explained the company’s current stance. “I don’t think it’s the right time to take this kind of supercar in the electrification direction. Let’s say we will see,” he told Autocar . He clarified that the Folgore’s development is well underway but has been put on hold to monitor how the market evolves.

There’s still a chance it could resurface as a battery-powered version of the recently unveiled MCPura, which made its debut at the Goodwood Festival of Speed earlier this month. For now, though,according to Ficili, everything hinges on whether there’s genuine demand for an electric supercar: “It’s crucial to have the customer ready to buy a car like this,” he noted.

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With the development of the electric MC20 having reached an advanced stage, we can imagine it could hit the road if enough buyers with deep pockets reach out to Maserati and its specialized Fuoriserie division.

Still, Maserati’s CEO emphasized the fact that that the brand remains focused on the Nettuno powertrain: “We have this fantastic V6 engine that is to the satisfaction of our customers. We hold a different kind of power. This is our engine at this time.”

More: Maserati Could Still Shock Everyone With A V8 Revival

Ficili recently hinted at a new ICE-powered super-GT flagship with a manual gearbox developed in collaboration with Alfa Romeo. This model could be powered by an upgraded version of the twin-turbo 3.0-liter V6, although Davide Danesin, Head of Maserati Engineering, recently suggested that the brand might bring back the V8 engine for special projects.

The reason, Danesin explained, is that some of their customers are still looking for “pure mechanical cars” as they have a “bad feeling” about having a large battery pack on a supercar due to the added complexity and the extra weight.

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Maserati

Why a changing climate may mean less chocolate in the future

The price of cocoa has reached historic highs, forcing chocolate manufacturers to adjust their products — through price increases and shrinking package sizes.

Last year, we reported how extreme weather events may be dwindling the future of chocolate. Just last week, we saw an inkling of that: The Hershey Company announced it would significantly raise the cost of its candy in the face of historically high cocoa prices. So, we're revisiting host Emily Kwong's conversation with Yasmin Tayag, a food, health and science writer at The Atlantic. They get into the cocoa shortage: What's causing it, how it's linked to weather and poor farming conditions and what potential solutions exist. Plus, they enjoy a chocolate alternative taste test.

EPA Proposal Seeks to Eliminate GHG Regulations for Vehicles, Engines

By: Ryan Gray

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is reconsidering the 16-year-old Obama administration ruling on greenhouse gases that formed the nation’s regulatory landscape for transportation emissions, including those for school buses.

The proposed rule rolled out by EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin Tuesday at an auto dealership in Indianapolis, Indiana could save more than $54 billion annually in manufacturing costs passed on to consumers, EPA said. It claims emissions regulations implemented over the past 15 years created $1 trillion in costs to manufacturing, power and industrial sectors for meeting various emissions requirements.

While the 300-page document does not mention school buses by name, it focuses on repealing GHG emission standards for various categories of vehicles, including the categories of medium- and heavy-duty trucks and engines that school buses fall under.  Specifically, it seeks to remove Part 85 on control of air pollution from mobile sources, Part 86—Control of Emissions from New and In-use Highway Vehicles and Engines, Part 600—Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emissions of Motor Vehicles, Part 1036—Control of Emissions from New and In-use Heavy Duty Highway Engines, Part 1037—Control of Emissions from New Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles, and Part 1039—Control of Emissions from New and In-use Non-road Compression-Ignition Engines.

Already, EPA is reconsidering the implementation of its GHG Phase 3 Rule for heavy-duty trucks and buses that is set to start in 2027.

The proposed rule seeks to reinterpret the Clean Air Act, specifically Section 202(a), known as the Endangerment Finding, which concluded that carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride contribute to air pollution and endanger public health. The proposed rule argues that the Endangerment Finding is legally flawed, scientifically uncertain and economically counterproductive. EPA claims it was historically applied to address local and regional air pollution, not global climate change concerns.

This interpretation exceeded statutory authority, writes EPA, adding that Congress did not clearly authorize the EPA to regulate GHG emissions based on global climate change concerns “because that provision authorizes regulating only air pollutants that ‘cause or contribute to air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare.’”

The proposed rule also notes the U.S. Supreme Court rulings in West Virginia v. EPA and Utility Air Regulatory Group v. EPA that federal agencies cannot assert transformative regulatory authority without explicit congressional approval. Instead, agencies must have more than a “colorable textual basis” to decide major questions of policy.

EPA also questions “unreasonably analyzed” scientific data used to support the original “Endangerment Finding” that declared GHG to endanger public health and welfare. The proposed rule cites projections of global warming increases, health risks from heat waves, and impacts of other health events. It also notes empirical data, peer-reviewed studies and real-world developments since 2009 that “cast significant doubt on many of the critical premises, assumptions and conclusions in the Endangerment Finding.”

The proposal also claims technological limitations in addressing global climate change concerns, as “reducing GHG emissions from all vehicles and engines in the U.S. to zero would not have a scientifically measurable impact on GHG emission concentrations or global warming potential,” according to a May 27 draft report by the U.S. Department of Energy Climate Working Group.

EPA also notes President Donald Trump’s recent “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” repealed certain GHG provisions.

As for economic concerns, EPA highlighted that GHG emissions standards have increased vehicle costs, slowed fleet turnover and reduced consumer access to newer, safer and more efficient vehicles.

Public comments on EPA-HQ-OAR-2025-0194 are due by Sept. 21.


Related: EPA Provides Update on Clean School Bus Program
Related: Cummins Details Coming B7.2 Diesel, Gasoline Engines for School Bus Market
Related: Report Highlights Shift in Federal Policy from EVs to Conventional Fuels

The post EPA Proposal Seeks to Eliminate GHG Regulations for Vehicles, Engines appeared first on School Transportation News.

Student Stabbed After Leaving School Bus in Maryland

A student was stabbed shortly after exiting a school bus last week in Rossville, Maryland, reported Patch News.

According to the news report, Overlea High School administrators informed summer school families that the incident involved a student who had just gotten off bus number 183 on July 24 when the incident occurred.

Police responded to reports of a knife assault near the intersection of Franklin Square Drive and King Avenue. The victim, who was not identified at this writing, was transported to a hospital and is expected to recover.

Authorities have reportedly arrested a minor in connection with the stabbing. The suspect faces charges of first- and second-degree assault and was placed in the care of the Department of Juvenile Services.

In a message to families, Overlea leaders emphasized that student safety remains their highest priority and encouraged parents to reach out with any concerns.


Related: Pennsylvania Teen Charged as Adult for Stabbing Student on Bus
Related: Washington School Bus Driver Stabbed to Death with Students on Board
Related: Florida Students Hit, Two Killed During School Bus Stop Walks
Related: Georgia Middle School Student Faces Charges for Weapon on School Bus

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Ohio-Based Training Program Equips School Bus Drivers to Handle Active Threats

As students across Ohio prepare to return to school this fall, a local company is stepping up efforts to ensure their safety on the way there.

S.T.A.R.T. (School Transportation Active-Threat Response Training), an Ohio-based organization, has launched a Back-to-School Active Threat Awareness Campaign to help protect the more than 800,000 students who ride school buses daily in the Buckeye State.

The program offers specialized training for school bus drivers and transportation personnel to help them identify early warning signs, manage high-risk situations and take swift protective action when necessary. The goal is to close critical safety gaps in student transportation.

S.T.A.R.T., was established in 2015 by a Jim Levine, a former school resource officer who saw a major gap in student safety. The organization is headquartered in Chagrin Falls, Ohio, and operates nationwide. It offers hands-on, scenario-based training developed by a team that includes current and former law enforcement officers, SWAT members, Secret Service agents, crisis response experts and mental health professionals.

The organization is a sponsor of both the Ohio Association for Pupil Transportation (OAPT) and the National Association for Pupil Transportation (NAPT), further underscoring its commitment to student safety on a state and national level.

Law enforcement agencies across Ohio are also being encouraged to take part in the initiative to help foster a coordinated, community-based approach to student safety.

“This training is invaluable. Our drivers, aides, and supervisors truly benefit from the skills and insights they gain,” said Dale L. Dickson, director of the Licking County Educational Service Center via a press release. “I hope to see the day when this training becomes a statewide, or even nationwide, requirement for all school transportation staff.”

Levine, who is also the president and CEO of S.T.A.R.T., emphasized that back-to-school season is only the beginning of the safety and security focus around student transportation.

“We’re encouraging schools to create a year-round mindset of preparedness,” Levine said. “Drivers should be ready to respond to threats at any time, in any location.”


Related: (STN Podcast E266) Recap STN EXPO West: It All Comes Back To Safety & Training
Related: Ohio School Bus Drivers Attend Life-Saving Emergency Training
Related: Accident Investigation Training Returns to STN EXPO West
Related: Safety in the Danger Zone
Related: DeAngelis Foundation Reflects on Columbine While Expanding School Security Training

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Baltimore Expands Free MTA Service for Students

Baltimore City Public Schools (BCPS) students ages 12 and under are now eligible to ride local metro buses, Light Rail and subway services free of charge with their student passes.

The expanded fare policy went into effect Sunday, with the Maryland Transit Administration (MTA) stating the aim is improving access to education, jobs and extracurricular opportunities for youth throughout the city.

“This change enables greater participation in after-school programs, access to part-time jobs and other opportunities,” officials said in the statement.

Under the new policy, children up to age 12 can now ride free. Previous, free rides were only available for children age 6 and younger. MTA said the change is expected to help more families take advantage of public transportation without added financial strain.

BCPS students will also see a major benefit. They can now use their student transit passes at any time of day, not simplyduring school hours. This flexibility allows students to more easily attend after-school programs, internships, part-time jobs and other opportunities.

In addition, the All-Access Student Transit Pass previously reserved for college students is now available for all private school students. This move broadens access to affordable transportation for more young people across the Baltimore region.

MTA also extended the transfer window for riders using the CharmPass app. Transfers, which were previously limited to 90 minutes, are now valid for up to 120 minutes. The change offers more flexibility and convenience for commuters navigating the city.

The fare changes also laid the groundwork for a low-income fare program. Eligible participants in the Maryland Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) will eventually benefit from discounted transit fares, supporting greater mobility for economically disadvantaged individuals.

However, the MTA is also tightening fare compliance. A new $5 surcharge is applied to light rail riders who who do not have a valid ticket and then purchase one using the CharmPass app during fare inspections. The measure is intended to encourage system-wide compliance while maintaining accessibility. MTA offers a complete policy guide.

The updated policy is part of a broader push to make public transportation more equitable and accessible for Baltimore’s youth and lower income communities.


Related: (Recorded Webinar) How Detroit Public Schools Improved Attendance with Multimodal Transportation
Related: Private Transportation Companies Seeing More Opportunities from Charter, Private Schools
Related: Alternative Transportation Company, Adroit, Launches New Partnership With Detroit Public Schools Community District
Related: Ohio Public Schools Shifting Over 1,200 Students to Public Transit This Fall

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50 Pounds of Dynamite Found Inside Alaska School Bus

Authorities in Alaska found 50 pounds of dynamite on an old school bus Wednesday, reported Fox 19.

According to the news report, Special Agent in Charge Rebecca Day said the property owner, who was not identified at this writing, discovered the dynamite in the school bus located on Richarson Highway. The bus was parked on his property, and he called law enforcement, which in turn contacted the FBI.

State troopers and other agencies shut down the highway for seven hours as they investigated. Agents said the dynamite was at least 20 years old and its location near the highway made it unsafe to attempt a controlled detonation.

Day told local media that authorities worked to remove the dynamite to a more appropriate location to dispose of it safely. The dynamite was doused with chemicals to keep it from exploding while it was burned. The situation was also monitored by a bomb disposal robot.

Authorities reportedly did not provide information on how the explosives got on the school bus or their intended use. Day stated that if anyone finds explosives in or on their property the best thing to do is contact law enforcement, which will assess the situation before making sure the explosives are disposed of safely.


Related: Alaska School Bus Driver Arrested for DUI, Firearm Possession
Related: Alaska School Bus Driver Charged with DUI 
Related: Law Enforcement Expert Shares Importance of Identifying Weapons on School Buses
Related: WATCH: Fire Expert to Lead School Bus Evacuation Training at STN EXPO West

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Kia Thrashed The EV4 For 6,200 Nurburgring Miles But Speed Wasn’t The Goal

  • Kia says the EV4 is guaranteed to retain at least 70% of its battery capacity after 100K miles.
  • Over 6,200 miles (10,000 km) on the Nurburgring, Kia engineers pushed the EV4 to its limits.
  • Base EV4 models in the United States rock a relatively smaller 58.3 kWh battery pack.

Earlier this year, Kia unveiled the all-electric EV4 in both sedan and hatchback guises. Fast forward to late July, and the South Korean carmaker has dropped details about one of the EV4’s most grueling tests from its development: a torturous 6,200 miles (10,000 km) stint at the fabled Nurburgring Nordschleife circuit in Germany.

Kia has released several images of the EV4 being tested on European roads in hatchback guise, curiously still wrapped in camouflage even though the finished car was presented several months ago. Unfortunately, there’s no imagery of it on the ‘Ring. What we do know is that the 6,200-mile (10,000 km) test session at the circuit formed part of a 68,000-mile (110,000 km) European road durability test.

Read: Kia’s First Electric Sedan Is Here To Beat The Model 3 At Its Own Game

The Nurburgring test aimed to simulate 90-95 percent of its maximum performance output, and it underwent multiple hypercharging sessions between laps. By the end of the track test, as well as the on-road testing, the EV4’s battery returned a state-of-health reading of 95 percent. EV4s sold to the public will be guaranteed to retain at least 70 percent of their original capacity after 100,000 miles (160,000 km) or eight years of regular use.

“To provide our customers a reliable, everyday EV, we had to validate the EV4’s durability both in real-world and extreme environments,” the manager of durability development at Hyundai Motor Europe Technical Center, Stephan Hoferer said. “With the rigorous testing – from icy roads to racetracks, we’re confident the EV4 will deliver dependable performance well beyond everyday needs.”

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All EV4s are based on a 400-volt architecture and will be available with a front-mounted 201 hp electric motor in all trims. In the US, the base model will come standard with a 58.3 kWh pack, while the flagship variant gets a 81.4 kWh unit.

Evidently, the EV4 is not the type of car that owners will be taking to the track. But, if the Korean brand that in the past few years goes from strength to strength wants to spice it up with a hot, GT-branded version, it certainly has the know-how to do so.

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A Tiny Kit Is Fixing A Big Frustration For Tesla Owners

  • Tesla launched a frunk lighting kit for its two best-selling electric models.
  • The $100 kit is fully reversible and designed for easy DIY installation.
  • Only works with 2020–2024 Model 3 and Model Y, not refreshed variants.

Even if opinions on Tesla and its billionaire CEO are sharply divided, there’s little debate over the company’s track record in building some of the most capable electric vehicles on the road.

Alongside the cars themselves, Tesla also maintains a wide catalog of accessories, many of which are affordable, easy to install, and ship directly to buyers. The newest addition to that lineup may not be a technological leap, but it’s likely to catch on with owners.

Read: California EV Buyers Are Turning Their Backs On Tesla

Tesla’s online shop was recently updated to include a front lighting system designed for the front of both the Model 3 and Model Y. Given how handy the front storage compartment of the two best-selling Tesla models is, it’s perhaps somewhat of a surprise they don’t usually feature any kind of lighting system. Come to think of it, many EVs with storage frunks don’t include a light, so Tesla’s solution is a good one.

The kit, costing $100 in the US or CA$130 in Canada, includes a thin lighting strip that runs along the underside of the frunk’s rubber seal. Also included in the kit is a small power module that sticks to an area near the frunk’s emergency release switch connector. It then plugs straight in. The light strip is held in place by tape and includes IP67 dustproof and waterproof ratings.

 A Tiny Kit Is Fixing A Big Frustration For Tesla Owners

Compatibility Limits

Importantly, the lighting kit is only available for 2020-2024 Model 3 and Model Y vehicles, meaning the newer ‘Highland’ Model 3 and ‘Juniper’ Model Y are not suitable for this kit. However, Not a Tesla App reports that a similar kit is being developed for these models.

As mentioned, there are dozens of other accessories offered for all Tesla vehicles, including the slower-selling Model S, Model X, and Cybertruck. Among the most popular are roof racks, all-weather floor liners, sunshades for Tesla’s panoramic glass roofs, and new storage cubby trays.

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Lexus Is About To Kill Off These Long-Running Models

  • Lexus will end production of the IS 300, IS 300h, IS 350, and IS 500 in November 2025.
  • The closely-related RC 300, RC 300h, RC 350, and RC F coupes will follow the same fate.
  • Another Lexus model that will bite the dust is the electric UX, likely followed by the hybrid.

Lexus is preparing to wind down production on several key models, signaling the end of an era for some of its longest-running nameplates. Most variants of the IS sedan, the RC coupe, and the fully electric UX SUV are on their way out, with production in Japan officially scheduled to stop in November 2025.

Those who visit the dedicated model pages on Lexus’ official website in Japan will see the following announcement:

“Thank you for considering our vehicles. Production of the IS 500 / IS 350 / IS 300h (AWD) / IS 300 / RC 350 / RC 300h, and RC 300 will end in November 2025. Sales will end once orders reach the production numbers for November. Depending on when you consider purchasing a vehicle, some packages may no longer be available. Please contact your Lexus dealer for details.”

More: The Last V8 Lexus Sports Sedan Marks The End Of An Era

A similar message (albeit with a more apologetic tone) appears on the page for the RC F Final Edition, which serves as a sendoff for the V8-powered coupe introduced in January 2025. This version was limited to just 200 units in Japan, and Lexus has confirmed that all of them have been spoken for:

“Thank you for your continued patronage of our products. We regret to inform you that the RC F ‘Final Edition’ has reached its limited number of 200 units and is now sold out. We would like to thank you for your continued patronage of the RC F. The RC ‘Final Edition’ will be on sale until production ends in November 2025.”

 Lexus Is About To Kill Off These Long-Running Models
Lexus RC F Final Edition
 Lexus Is About To Kill Off These Long-Running Models
Lexus IS 500 Climax Edition

With this, only the rear-wheel-drive IS 300h will remain in production for the Japanese market, while all other IS and RC variants are being phased out.

An Aging Lineup But Changes are Coming

This development doesn’t come as a major surprise. Lexus recently introduced what are expected to be the final model year updates for both the IS sedan and the RC coupe. These vehicles date back to 2013, making them over a decade old. The IS received facelifts in 2017 and 2020, while the RC underwent a mid-cycle refresh in 2018.

More: Lexus Sedan’s Radical Redesign Could Finally Bring Back The IS Spirit

As reported by Creative Trend, a new generation of the IS is rumored for 2026. Despite earlier plans for going EV-only, the new IS is expected to offer both electric and hybrid powertrain options, following the example of the larger Lexus ES sedan.

The situation is a little bit more complicated for the RC coupe, which might not get a direct successor. Instead, Lexus is reportedly working on a sporty coupe that could potentially replace both the RC and the LC. The latter is also in its twilight years, as hinted at by the recently-unveiled LC 500 Pinnacle Edition. The end date for the LC production is expected in 2026 although a specific date has yet to be set.

UX 300e Also Set to Exit

Last but not least, the automaker has also announced that production of its smallest electric SUV will end in November 2025. We’re talking about the UX 300e, that was unveiled in 2019, a year after the debut of the gasoline and hybrid versions of the UX in 2018.

Japanese newspaper Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun reports that the UX 300h hybrid is expected to follow, with production ending during the 2025 fiscal year, which concludes on March 30, 2026. While Lexus hasn’t announced a successor, the UX remains a globally marketed model in a highly competitive segment. Its close ties to the Toyota C-HR and Corolla Cross suggest a next-generation version is likely in development.

 Lexus Is About To Kill Off These Long-Running Models
Lexus UX 300e
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